调理肉制品工艺参数优化及低温放置过程中品质变化研究Optimization of Process Parameters of Prepared Meat Products and Study on Quality Changes During Low-temperature Storage
张桂凤,李文武
摘要(Abstract):
为得到调理肉制品的最佳工艺参数,阐明调理预制品在低温放置过程中的品质变化机理。运用模糊数学原理,采用上浆工艺,将调理猪肉片熟制后的感官品质数学抽象量化,以量化后的感官品质为指标,采用D-最优混料设计法建立原料配方与感官品质之间的回归模型,优化调理肉制品的上浆工艺参数。同时将调理肉制品在4℃环境放置7 d,每隔24 h对预制好的猪肉进行滑油熟制,对pH、放置失水率、质构,微观结构、蛋白聚集进行分析,探究调理预制品在低温放置后的品质变化影响。结果表明,当猪肉片与浆料之间的比例为5∶1时,加水量65.1%、食盐7.9%、淀粉14.2%、蛋清12.7%,调理猪肉片预制品经过滑油后再贮藏效果最佳。随着放置期的延长,调理后的猪肉片的优势更突显于普通猪肉。调理后的猪肉片在放置72 h内进行滑油熟制,猪肉片的各项机理指标趋势稳定,上浆调理工艺可一定程度上延长猪肉的贮藏时间,且在放置及熟制后可获得相对较低的失水率、硬度、剪切力、咀嚼性,一定程度上保证了猪肉片的嫩度与多汁性。建议生产者选用猪肉的最佳上浆调理工艺后,在0~4℃环境下72 h内进行真空、速冻等食品保藏方法,以保证放置再加工后猪肉片的最佳品质,为团餐及中央厨房等产品研发提供了理论依据。
关键词(KeyWords): 混料设计;上浆调理工艺;质构特性;微观结构;SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳;模糊感官评价法
基金项目(Foundation): 山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2020MA004);; 山东高校教学改革研究项目(M2018X112)
作者(Author): 张桂凤,李文武
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