基于亲水作用色谱的食用菌嘌呤检测方法优化及菌汤底料风险评估Optimization of Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Based Method for Detection of Purines in Edible Mushrooms and Risk Assessment of Mushroom Soup Base Ingredients
伏华,蒋思雨,韩国全,张少春,廖林华
摘要(Abstract):
目的:建立一种基于亲水作用色谱(hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, HILIC)的食用菌嘌呤检测方法,以解决现行标准(QB/T 5888—2023)中C18反相色谱法保留弱、分离度差的问题,并评估市售菌汤底料的嘌呤迁移风险。方法:样品经三氟乙酸-甲酸(1∶1)溶液于90℃水解15 min提取,采用HILIC-Z色谱柱进行分离,以20 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(pH 9.0)-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,采用紫外检测器检测。结果:4种嘌呤(腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、黄嘌呤、次黄嘌呤)在1~80μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(R~2>0.999),方法检出限为0.070~0.437 mg/kg,定量限为0.234~1.457 mg/kg。在3个加标水平(1,10,50μg/mL)下,平均回收率为92.17%~111.12%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations, RSD)为0.52%~1.06%(n=6)。与标准方法相比,该方法在分离度、灵敏度和色谱柱稳定性方面均表现更优。应用该方法对市售菌汤底料进行分析,发现其按标签冲调后嘌呤含量均低于25 mg/100 g(低嘌呤标准限值),但煮沸5~15 min后,汤液中嘌呤含量显著升高至冲调状态的2~5倍。结论:该研究建立的HILIC方法优于现行标准方法,适用于食用菌嘌呤的准确测定,结果表明菌汤底料在煮沸后存在嘌呤摄入风险被低估的情况。
关键词(KeyWords): 亲水作用色谱;食用菌;嘌呤;方法优化;菌汤底料;风险评估
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 伏华,蒋思雨,韩国全,张少春,廖林华
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