加热时间对鱼酱酸挥发性成分的影响Effect of Heating Time on Volatile Components in Fish Sauce Acid
周敏,吴超群,彭荣飞,张玉龙,佀胜利,阳志锐,张国辉,刘远豪,白坐腾
摘要(Abstract):
为了明确不同加热时间下鱼酱酸的香气变化特征,以鱼酱酸为研究对象,采用电子鼻(electronic nose, E-nose)、顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, HS-SPME-GC-MS)对鱼酱酸挥发性成分进行检测,通过雷达图、主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)、气味活度值(odor activity value, OAV)与正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis, OPLS-DA)等方法评价0,30,60,90 min加热时间下鱼酱酸的香气成分。结果表明,电子鼻对不同加热时间的鱼酱酸中硫化物、短链烷烃、醇类、醚类、醛类、酮类、氮氧化合物灵敏,并具有显著性差异;通过GC-MS检测共鉴定出90种挥发性成分;结合OAV和OPLS-DA,发现棕榈酸乙酯、桉叶油醇、4-萜烯醇是4个样品的关键共有成分,苯乙醇、苏合香醇、1-石竹烯分别是Y、Z、Q样品中独有的挥发性风味成分,是它们特有的特征性风味成分。不同加热时间下鱼酱酸中关键香气成分存在差异。GC-MS结合电子鼻能有效评价不同加热时间下鱼酱酸的风味和品质,为鱼酱酸的品质控制和质量提升提供技术支撑。
关键词(KeyWords): 鱼酱酸;电子鼻;主成分分析;气味活度值;正交偏最小二乘判别分析
基金项目(Foundation): 凯里学院校级科研项目(2025YB036);凯里学院校级一流专业建设项目(JZ202401);凯里学院“十四五”学科专业平台团队一体化建设规划-科研平台项目(YTH-PT202404);凯里学院横向科研项目(HX2025026);; 黔东南州科技计划项目(黔东南科合支撑[2024]0001号);; 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台JSZX[2025]005);; 贵州省普通本科高校“一校一特”交叉学科(“食品营养与健康”学科群)
作者(Author): 周敏,吴超群,彭荣飞,张玉龙,佀胜利,阳志锐,张国辉,刘远豪,白坐腾
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