添加大蒜汁对酸菜发酵亚硝酸盐控制机理的探讨Discussion on Nitrite Control Mechanism in Sauerkraut Fermentation by Adding Garlic Juice
吴家明,于爽,迟雪梅,孙全敏,陈文丽,赵露,迟乃玉,张庆芳
摘要(Abstract):
为探究添加大蒜汁对东北酸菜的影响,该实验对添加大蒜汁和自然发酵的酸菜的理化指标(pH、亚硝酸盐、OD_(600))和高通量菌群结构进行检测分析。结果表明,添加大蒜汁能使“亚硝峰”降低,但对pH、OD_(600)的影响较小;在发酵初期,添加大蒜汁使致病菌Pseudomonas、Acinetobacter、Enterobacter、unclassified_Enterobacteriaceae的丰度增加,Lactococcus的丰度降低,Leuconostoc的丰度增加,乳酸菌的总丰度降低;FAPROTAX生态功能预测表明,添加大蒜汁使发酵初期的硝酸盐降解作用增加,与疾病相关的功能增加,发酵功能降低;发酵后期,致病菌的丰度均下降,且大蒜汁的添加使unclassified_Enterobacteriaceae的丰度低于自然发酵;发酵后期,乳酸菌均成为优势物种,且总乳酸菌丰度相差较小,但各乳酸菌属的丰度存在差异。添加大蒜汁发酵导致发酵初期硝酸盐还原菌的丰度增加,为酸菜硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量的控制提供了理论依据,对发酵菜安全性的提高具有一定的借鉴意义。
关键词(KeyWords): 酸菜;大蒜汁;亚硝酸盐;菌群结构
基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2805105)
作者(Author): 吴家明,于爽,迟雪梅,孙全敏,陈文丽,赵露,迟乃玉,张庆芳
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