糖-酵母抽提物美拉德反应产物理化性质及感官风味特性研究Study on Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Flavor Characteristics of Maillard Reaction Products of Sugar-Yeast Extracts
董芮,吴彤,余沛潞,赵志峰
摘要(Abstract):
复合调味品中糖和酵母抽提物均是常见的配料,而这两种配料在加工工艺中产生的美拉德反应又是赋予产品风味和色泽的重要基础。文章研究了4种糖和酵母抽提物美拉德反应产物的产生过程,通过检测其pH值、褐变程度、色度参数、感官轮廓及香味物质表征产物的理化和风味特性。结果表明,在100℃水系条件下反应3 h,木糖和酵母抽提物的美拉德反应进行速率最快且程度最深,产物的pH值从5.55下降至5.25;Lab表色系统中红度从1.04提升到1.23;褐变程度指标A_(294 nm)从0.350增加到0.868,A_(420 nm)从0.467增加到1.027;SPME-GC-MS检测到的香味物质种类达51种,其中醛类、烃类和醇类物质的相对含量较高;感官呈现出焦甜香、花果香、烘焙面包香,较协调和愉悦。而葡萄糖与麦芽糖次之,蔗糖最次。该研究结果可为复合调味品的配方与工艺设计,尤其是不同糖和酵母抽提物的复配比例和反应时间提供理论依据。
关键词(KeyWords): 褐变程度;木糖;复合调味品;色泽;风味
基金项目(Foundation): 山东省技术创新引导计划项目(中央引导地方科技发展资金)(YDZX2023088)
作者(Author): 董芮,吴彤,余沛潞,赵志峰
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