发酵肉制品中乳酸菌的筛选鉴定及其发酵性能研究Study on Screening and Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Fermented Meat Products and Their Fermentation Performance
赵煜,刘唤明,邓楚津,周春霞,洪鹏志,罗东辉,蒋桂丽
摘要(Abstract):
为了筛选出适用于肉制品发酵的优良乳酸菌,该研究首先采用传统分离培养方法,通过接触酶检验、革兰氏染色和镜检从发酵肉制品中分离培养出乳酸菌,以耐盐能力、抑菌能力、氨基酸脱羧酶活性等为指标筛选出适用于发酵肉生产的乳酸菌。对筛选出的乳酸菌进行鉴定后,采用GC-MS检测接种不同乳酸菌发酵鱼糜的挥发性风味物质组成和含量,并对产品进行感官评价,筛选出适应鱼体环境且生香能力较强的乳酸菌。结果表明,从发酵肉制品中共分离出167株疑似乳酸菌,其中F5、L4和T2 3株乳酸菌具有良好的耐盐和抑菌等能力且无氨基酸脱羧酶活性,经分子生物学鉴定均为戊糖乳植物杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus pentosus)。GC-MS结果表明,与未接菌发酵相比,接菌发酵鱼糜的挥发性风味物质含量较高,其中T2组的挥发性风味物质种类和含量显著高于其他接种组,并且T2组的感官评分最高。因此,戊糖乳植物杆菌T2表现出良好的发酵潜力,可作为优势发酵菌株用于后续发酵产品的开发。
关键词(KeyWords): 乳酸菌;筛选;发酵;挥发性风味物质
基金项目(Foundation): 潮州市科技计划项目(2020PT01);; 茂名市科技计划项目(2023S016080)
作者(Author): 赵煜,刘唤明,邓楚津,周春霞,洪鹏志,罗东辉,蒋桂丽
参考文献(References):
- [1]张迎阳,陈文涛,邹平,等.干腌牛肉活性肽的分离与抗氧化性能研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2024,50(2):197-205.
- [2]吴建梅.不同发酵方式对酸肉品质及微生物群落结构的影响[D].镇江:江苏大学,2023.
- [3]周袁璐,师苑,陆跃乐,等.传统发酵过程微生物互作研究进展[J].中国食品学报,2021,21(11):349-358.
- [4]张倩.发酵牛肉干加工工艺与品质特性研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2024.
- [5]YANG J,LU J,ZHU Q Z,et al.Isolation and characterization of a novel Lactobacillus plantarum MMB-07 from traditional Suanyu for Acanthogobius hasta fermentation[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2021,132(2):161-166.
- [6]HAN J,WANG Y,XU Y,et al.Effects of compound fermentation of lactic acid bacteria IMAUJBP3 and IMAUJBR3 on the characteristic flavors and metabolites of mutton fermented sausages[J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2024,212:116995.
- [7]夏勒合特·巴克尔拜,刘晶晶,贺红军,等.新疆传统泡菜中乳酸菌的分离鉴定及其益生性能评价[J].保鲜与加工,2021,21(11):87-93.
- [8]顾婧.传统香肠中乳酸菌的筛选及复合发酵剂发酵香肠工艺优化研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2018.
- [9]于晓霞.发酵香肠中乳酸菌的分离、筛选与应用[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2006.
- [10]罗美燕,刘唤明,香江,等.虾酱中风味菌株的筛选及其发酵性能分析[J].广东海洋大学学报,2022,42(2):79-87.
- [11]刘璐,吴江丽,杨金桃,等.发酵鱼酱酸产GABA乳酸菌的分离筛选及发酵特性[J].食品科学,2021,42(18):73-79.
- [12]赖崇熙,刘唤明,贾瑞博,等.产细菌素海洋乳酸菌的筛选及细菌素抑菌机制[J].广东海洋大学学报,2024,44(3):95-102.
- [13]陈秋翰,杨学博,刘寿春,等.卵形鲳鲹脱腥工艺优化及基于GC-IMS对脱腥前后风味物质分析[J].广东海洋大学学报,2023,43(6):108-118.
- [14]张弦.复合乳酸菌发酵鱼肉香肠的工艺及品质研究[D].厦门:集美大学,2016.
- [15]FEI Y T,HUANG Y H,FAN P X,et al.Selecting of lactic acid bacteria from traditionally fermented food and their application in functional raspberry fermented beverage[J].Food Bioscience,2025,64:105970.
- [16]YANG Y L,ZHOU G,DING Y N,et al.Microbiota dynamics and metabolic mechanisms in fermented sausages inoculated with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Staphylococcus xylosus[J].Food Research International,2025,201:115680.
- [17]周洁.发酵里脊火腿的乳酸菌筛选和直投式发酵剂的研发[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2022.
- [18]周洁,李洪英,朱秋劲,等.贵式肉品中乳酸菌的选育及其对发酵里脊火腿风味品质的影响[J].食品科学,2022,43(8):175-183.
- [19]邓展瑞,贠建民,郭娟,等.陇西腊肉加工过程中优势乳酸菌的分离及其发酵性能研究[J].生物技术进展,2019,9(2):200-209.
- [20]吴双慧,牛茵,何济坤,等.基于宏基因组技术分析自然发酵羊肉香肠中微生物多样性及生物胺的代谢[J].食品科学,2023,44(18):133-140.
- [21]吕懿超,李香澳,王凯博,等.乳酸菌作为生物保护菌的抑菌机理及其在食品中应用的研究进展[J].食品科学,2021,42(19):281-290.
- [22]YUE Y,ZHAO N,YIN S F,et al.Flavour enhancement of dry fermented sausages by nitrite-degrading Levilactobacillus brevis CHOL1:combining flavouromics and lipidomics to elucidate the mechanism of aroma formation[J].Food Chemistry,2025,473:143119.
- [23]袁辛锐,杨其长,王芳,等.紫胡萝卜复合发酵饮料的研制及其挥发性风味物质分析[J].食品工业科技,2024,45(2):201-209.
- [24]PEINADO I,KOUTSIDIS G,AMES J.Production of seafood flavour formulations from enzymatic hydrolysates of fish by-products[J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2016,66:444-452.
- [25]石建喜.鲢鱼发酵成熟过程中风味形成及品质变化的研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2016.
- [26]CHEN Q H,YANG X B,LIU S C,et al.Changes in protein and volatile flavor compounds of low-salt wet-marinated fermented Golden Pomfret during processing[J].Food Chemistry,2024,456:140029.
- [27]LI Y J,WU Y Y,CHEN S J,et al.Decoding the aroma landscape of fermented golden pompano:the interplay of ester compounds and symbiotic microbiota as revealed by metagenomics and two-dimensional flavoromics[J].Food Research International,2025,203:115832.