花生蛋白复合酶解工艺优化及产物呈味特性研究Optimization of Complex Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process of Peanut Protein and Study on Taste Characteristics of Products
黄浩,张贞炜,孙玉鼎,曹月刚,贾利蓉
摘要(Abstract):
为确定风味蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶复合酶解花生蛋白的工艺及产物呈味特性,文章研究了酶解时间、酶添加量、风味蛋白酶与中性蛋白酶复配比例、料液比对产物水解度和滋味稀释值的影响,并设计了四因素三水平正交实验,优化了酶解工艺条件;在最优工艺条件的基础上,使用纤维素酶对花生蛋白进行前处理,研究酶解液的游离氨基酸及肽分子量分布。实验结果表明,最优酶解工艺条件为酶解时间3.5 h、酶添加量(质量分数)3.0%、风味蛋白酶与中性蛋白酶复配比例2∶1(质量比)、料液比1∶9(质量比),该条件下酶解液的滋味稀释值明显提升。复合酶解对花生蛋白大分子具有显著的降解作用,使酶解液中分子量<5 000 U的小分子组分占比由9.11%增加至64.15%,游离氨基酸总量由0.29 mg/g提升至5.93 mg/g。纤维素酶前处理工艺显著提高了产物的水解度和滋味稀释值(P<0.05),显著增加了分子量为1 000~3 000 U和1 000 U以下的小分子组分占比(P<0.05)。该研究结果为花生蛋白酶解技术及酶解液在调味品中的应用提供了参考。
关键词(KeyWords): 花生蛋白;复合酶解;纤维素酶;游离氨基酸;肽分子量分布
基金项目(Foundation): 四川大学青岛研究院“8122计划”项目(21GZ30201)
作者(Author): 黄浩,张贞炜,孙玉鼎,曹月刚,贾利蓉
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