淡水鱼内脏提取鱼油后的残渣发酵制备鱼露的工艺研究Study on Fermentation Process of Fish Sauce Prepared from Residues of Freshwater Fish Viscera After Extracting Fish Oil
黄苹,胡佳敏,曾友明,彭鑫,赵利,江勇,白春清,袁美兰
摘要(Abstract):
淡水鱼内脏富含脂肪和蛋白质,常用于提取鱼油,但提取鱼油后产生的富含蛋白质的残渣尚未得到很好的利用。如果能将这些残渣利用起来,不仅可以提高淡水鱼加工的附加值,创造经济效益,而且可以减少因丢弃残渣带来的环境污染。文章以热水法提取鱼油后的淡水鱼内脏残渣为原料,采用加曲发酵法制备鱼露,以氨基酸态氮(AA-N)含量、总可溶性氮(TSN)含量、非酶褐变指数和感官评分为指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验研究初始发酵pH值、发酵温度、加盐量、加曲量和发酵时间对鱼露品质的影响并对发酵工艺进行了优化,得到热水法提取鱼油后的残渣制备鱼露的最佳工艺为初始发酵pH值6.0、发酵温度45℃、加水量40%、加曲量20%、加盐量9%、发酵时间30 d,在此条件下得到的鱼露的AA-N含量为1.126 g/100 mL,TSN含量为1.476 g/100 mL,非酶褐变指数为0.82,达到一级鱼露标准,鱼露的色泽、气味、滋味和形态都较好。该试验结果为淡水鱼内脏的综合利用提供了一种新的思路。
关键词(KeyWords): 淡水鱼;鱼露;鱼油;鱼内脏;发酵
基金项目(Foundation): 江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ2201332);; 江西省水产品加工及安全控制工程研究中心开放基金项目(KFJJ2101,KFJJ2102)
作者(Author): 黄苹,胡佳敏,曾友明,彭鑫,赵利,江勇,白春清,袁美兰
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