真菌固态发酵对香薷活性成分及抑菌效果的影响Effect of Solid-State Fermentation of Fungi on Active Components and Antibacterial Effect of Elsholtzia kachinensis
张海鹏,李伟,张铭,吴松遥,周英杰,于笑,陈林林
摘要(Abstract):
香薷作为药食同源植物,富含多种生物活性成分。为探究真菌发酵对其活性成分的影响,以香薷为原料,采用黑曲霉、米曲霉对香薷进行固态发酵,探究香薷发酵过程中多酚、黄酮、还原糖含量的变化和抑菌活性。此外,考察了菌种比例、含水量、接种量对发酵过程中多酚含量的影响,以确定最佳发酵工艺。结果表明,在菌种比例2∶1、含水量1∶2、接种量5×10~(6 )CFU/mL的条件下,发酵第4天时香薷多酚含量最高,可达56.04 mg/g,为未发酵香薷多酚含量(30.76 mg/g)的1.8倍,总黄酮含量可达52.49 mg/g。发酵后主要成分为木犀草素和槲皮素。混菌发酵过程中纤维素酶和淀粉酶的活力分别可达1.40,1.69 U/mg。对于大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌的最低生长抑制浓度分别为0.50,1.00,0.50 mg/mL,混菌发酵香薷较未发酵香薷具有更好的抑菌活性,为香薷在调味料中的应用和功能性产品的研发提供了依据。
关键词(KeyWords): 香薷多酚;黑曲霉;米曲霉;混菌发酵;抑菌活性
基金项目(Foundation): 黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项(SC2021ZX04B0019);; 黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(2023-KYYWF-1054)
作者(Author): 张海鹏,李伟,张铭,吴松遥,周英杰,于笑,陈林林
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