产氨基甲酸乙酯降解酶酵母菌的选育及产酶条件优化Breeding of Yeast for Producing Urethane and Optimization of Enzyme Production Conditions
姚晓瑞宁,高飞飞,王斌,肖婧,史学伟
摘要(Abstract):
氨基甲酸乙酯(EC)是一种强致癌物,近年来引起了广泛关注,研究通过筛选得到一株能降解氨基甲酸乙酯的酵母菌;通过形态学分析和ITS序列比对确定为Pichia fermentans酵母菌,再改用同一成分的液体培养基进行培养,经过离心和细胞破碎,得到粗酶液,测定酶活,通过对温度、pH、接种量的调节,得到最优产酶条件为pH 7左右,温度28℃,接种量2.5%。对酶学性质进行分析,得到该酶的最适pH为6~7,最适温度为30℃,在此温度下酶活性稳定,Fe~(2+)对此酶激活作用明显。
关键词(KeyWords): 酵母菌;氨基甲酸乙酯降解酶;酶活
基金项目(Foundation): 高层次人才科研启动资金专项(RCZX201526);; 科技攻关项目(2016AD024);; 科技和金融结合财政贴息类项目(2016TX49)
作者(Author): 姚晓瑞宁,高飞飞,王斌,肖婧,史学伟
参考文献(References):
- [1]Lee K G.Analysis and risk assessment of ethyl carbamate in various fermented foods[J].European Food Research and Technology,2013,236(5):891-898.
- [2]Xia Q,Niu M,Wu C,et al.Formation of ethyl carbamate in Goji wines:effect of Goji fruit composition[J].Food Science and Biotechnology,2016,25(3):921-927.
- [3]Baan R,Straif K,Grosse Y,et al.Carcinogenicity of alcoholic beverages[J].Lancet Oncology,2007,8(4):292-293.
- [4]沈敏佳,陆筑凤,刘颖,等.氨基甲酸乙酯降解酶的基因克隆[J].中国酿造,2014,33(1):56-59.
- [5]Zhao C J,Kobashi K.Urethanase in rat tissues[J].Journal of Toxicology&Environmental Health,1992,37(1):37-45.
- [6]Wang P,Sun J,Li X,et al.Contribution of citrulline to the formation of ethyl carbamate during Chinese rice wine production[J].Food Additives&Contaminants,2014,31(4):587.
- [7]赵雅敏.红酵母降解中国黄酒中氨基甲酸乙酯的研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2012.
- [8]陈杰,赵雨薇,倪永清,等.新疆石河子地区酵母菌的生物多样性及系统发育研究[J].中国酿造,2012,31(11):102-105.
- [9]Gu X L,Tian Y P.Isolation and characterization of urethanase from Penicillium variabile and its application to reduce ethyl carbamate contamination in Chinese rice wine[J].Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology,2013,170(3):718-728.
- [10]Weatherburn M W.Phenol-hypochlorite reaction for determination of ammonia[J].Analytical Chemistry,1967,39(8):971-974.
- [11]杨广明,査小红,田亚平.一种氨基甲酸乙酯和尿素降解酶产生菌的鉴定及酶学特性[J].食品与生物技术学报,2015,34(1):7-14.
- [12]李京京,方芳,张继冉,等.氨基甲酸乙酯水解酶的分离纯化及酶学性质[J].食品与生物技术学报,2014,33(12):1239-1245.
- [13]胡瑞卿.酵母菌的特征与鉴定手册[M]:青岛:青岛海洋出版社,1991.
- [14]L9froth G,Gejvall T.Diethyl pyrocarbonate:formation of urethan in treated beverages[J].Science,1971,174(4015):1248-1250.
- [15]Nóbrega I C C,Pereira G E,Silva M,et al.Improved sample preparation for GC-MS-SIM analysis of ethyl carbamate in wine[J].Food Chemistry,2015,177:23-28.
- [16]Ough C S.Ethylcarbamate in fermented beverages and foods.I.Naturally occurring ethylcarbamate[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,1976,24(2):323.
- [17]Fujinawa S,Burns G,De L T P.Application of acid urease to reduction of urea in commercial wines[J].American Journal of Enology&Viticulture,1990,41(4):350-354.