花椒树枝食用烟熏液的制备和评价Preparation and Evaluation of Edible Smoking Liquid of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Branches
叶小梅,闫庆,陈伊文,夏文静,唐文
摘要(Abstract):
花椒采收后剩下的花椒树枝是废弃物,未能进行有效利用。烟熏液处理食品比传统烟熏方法处理食品的安全性更高,且操作更简单高效,因此该研究利用花椒树枝生产烟熏液。首先以感官评分、产率、总酚含量和羰基化合物含量为考察指标,通过试验得到花椒树枝烟熏液的最佳工艺参数,然后利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对烟熏液进行主成分分析,最后与市售烟熏液进行肉类产品熏制的感官评价比较。结果表明,花椒树枝烟熏液的最佳干馏参数为温度320℃、时间60 min、样品量40 g、粒度80目,产率可以达到32.77%,样品液中总酚含量为15.89 mg/mL,羰基化合物含量为10.80 g/100 mL,最佳感官评分为82.5分。通过气相色谱-质谱法分析主成分,结果显示该烟熏液中不含多环芳烃类物质,挥发性成分中酚类物质有41种,醛类物质有16种,酮类物质有33种,酯类物质有15种。感官评价结果显示该食用烟熏液与市售山楂核烟熏液的感官风味类似,处理过的烟熏肉在色泽、口感、气味上均有改善。该研究旨在改善传统烟熏工艺,增进烟熏食品的安全性,增加市售烟熏液的类别,促进植物资源的循环再利用。
关键词(KeyWords): 烟熏液;花椒树枝;制备;评价
基金项目(Foundation): 2025年度上海应用技术大学研究生创新人才培养项目(2025028);; 人社部安徽省六安市博士驿站项目(2024008)
作者(Author): 叶小梅,闫庆,陈伊文,夏文静,唐文
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