曹恺洋,刘雨辰,曲梦锐,王东营

• 1:河南工业大学粮油食品学院

摘要(Abstract)：

小茴香作为我国传统大宗药食同源中药之一，自古以来《中国药典》对其功效就有较多记载。小茴香精油是从其种子、茎叶、根部提取出来的无色或淡黄色油状液体，化学成分复杂，具有抗氧化、抗菌、调节肠胃、驱蚊等功效，因其为天然功能性产物，具备绿色、安全、环保等优点，在食品、化妆品和医药等领域有较大的开发潜力，具有广阔的市场前景。为对小茴香精油有较全面的认识，文章主要综述了小茴香精油的提取方法、化学成分、生物活性，从而为小茴香精油的进一步研究和开发提供参考。

关键词(KeyWords)： 小茴香;精油;提取方法;化学成分;生物活性

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(32001744)

作者(Author): 曹恺洋,刘雨辰,曲梦锐,王东营

参考文献(References)：

• [1]张艳东，张艳俊，李腾飞.植物精油的提取及其生理活性研究进展[J].食品研究与开发，2023,44(9):203-210.
• [2]王金金，毋启桐，时博，等.小茴香炮制历史沿革、化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志，2020,26(20):178-190.
• [3]梁焕，安岳.不同主产区小茴香药材质量评价[J].中国农学通报，2023,39(19):148-152.
• [4]GHOLAMI Z A,EHSANZADEH P.Exogenous proline improves osmoregulation,physiological functions,essential oil,and seed yield of fennel[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2018,111:133-140.
• [5]赵爱娟，安春霞.小茴香精油的正交优化提取及成分的GC/MS测定[J].郑州师范教育，2021,10(2):19-22.
• [6]陈石梅，黄锁义.小茴香有效成分提取方法的研究进展[J].食品工业，2020,41(1):260-263.
• [7]苏慧慧，詹璐璐，马矜烁.小茴香挥发油提取、成分分析及其在畜牧生产中的应用[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医，2022(15):37-40,46.
• [8]MOSER B R,ZHELJAZKOV V D,BAKOTA E L,et al.Method for obtaining three products with different properties from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2014,60:335-342.
• [9]郭婷婷，从仁怀，寇秀颖，等.不同产地小茴香挥发油成分分析及反式茴香脑含量的测定[J].中国调味品，2018,43(8):127-130.
• [10]马延红，孙侨生，段志芳，等.小茴香挥发油提取工艺优化及抗氧化研究[J].中国调味品，2020,45(2):68-71.
• [11]蔡丽华，吴士筠，陈琦，等.正交试验法优选小茴香精油的提取工艺[J].分子科学学报，2013,29(5):369-374.
• [12]王情，黄谊，王未，等.小茴香精油的提取工艺研究[J].云南化工，2023,50(6):17-19.
• [13]URANGO A C M,STRIEDER M M,SILVA E K,et al.Thermosonication process design for recovering bioactive compounds from fennel:a comparative study with conventional extraction techniques[J].Applied Sciences,2021,11(24):12104.
• [14]李琴，于有伟，张少颖，等.超声波协同水蒸气蒸馏法提取茴香精油的研究[J].中国调味品，2020,45(3):23-26.
• [15]BOUDRAA H,KADRI N,MOUNI L,et al.Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of essential oil from fennel seeds:optimization using Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodology[J].Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants,2021,23:100307.
• [16]杨红.小茴香挥发油提取方法比较[J].山西中医，2004(4):41.
• [17]HATAMI T,JOHNER J,KURDIAN A R,et al.A step-by-step finite element method for solving the external mass transfer control model of the supercritical fluid extraction process:a case study of extraction from fennel[J].The Journal of Supercitical Fluids,2020,160:104797.
• [18]ILARDI V,BADALAMENTI N,BRUNO M.Chemical composition of the essential oil from different vegetative parts of Foeniculum vulgare subsp.piperitum (Ucria) Coutinho (Umbelliferae) growing wild in Sicily[J].Natural Product Research,2022,36(14):3587-3597.
• [19]朱亚杰，于豪杰，谷令彪，等.不同方法所得小茴香籽净油成分的比较分析[J].食品科技，2018,43(8):248-253.
• [20]SUNICL,ILICZ S,STANOJEVIC'L,et al.Comparison of the essential oil content,constituents and antioxidant activity from different plant parts during development stages of wild fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)[J].Horticulturae,2023,9(3):364.
• [21]郑甜田，陶永生，张敏，等.10种产地小茴香果实挥发油成分分析[J].昆明医科大学学报，2017,38(11):19-24.
• [22]MA X D,MAO W W,ZHOU P,et al.Distinguishing Foeniculum vulgare fruit from two adulterants by combination of microscopy and GC-MS analysis[J].Microscopy Research and Technique,2015,78(7):633-641.
• [23]邹俊波，张小飞，邰佳，等.水蒸气蒸馏法提取小茴香挥发油类成分的提取动力学研究[J].中草药，2018,49(12):2855-2865.
• [24]何金明，肖艳辉，郭园，等.茴香不同器官精油含量及其成分比较[J].园艺学报，2006(3):555-560.
• [25]AKGüL A,BAYRAK A.Comparative volatile oil composition of various parts from Turkish bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare var.vulgare)[J].Food Chemistry,1988,30(4):319-323.
• [26]李明明，罗静，钟永科.固相微萃取-气质联用对小茴香茎中挥发性成分的分析[J].安徽农业科学，2014,42(27):9322-9323,9360.
• [27]MOJAB F,JAVIDNIA K,NICKAVAR B,et al.GC-MS analysis of the essential oils of roots and leaves of Foeniculum vulgare Mill[J].Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants,2007,10(1):36-40.
• [28]CHANG S D,NAFCHI A M,KARIM A A.Chemical composition,antioxidant activity and antimicrobial properties of three selected varieties of Iranian fennel seeds[J].Journal of Essential Oil Research,2016,28(4):357-363.
• [29]AHMED A F,SHI M J,LIU C Y,et al.Comparative analysis of antioxidant activities of essential oils and extracts of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) seeds from Egypt and China[J].Food Science and Human Wellness,2019,8(1):67-72.
• [30]张彦，郭增军，张寒，等.八种植物挥发油的抗氧化活性比较研究[J].中国食品添加剂，2017(8):49-54.
• [31]DAHMANI K,MOGHRANI H,DEGHBAR N,et al.Algerian wild fennel essential oils:chromatographic profile,acute toxicity,antioxidant,and antimicrobial activities[J].Chemical Papers,2022,76(3):1639-1652.
• [32]SENATORE F,OLIVIERO F,SCANDOLERA E,et al.Chemical composition,antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of anethole-rich oil from leaves of selected varieties of fennel [Foeniculum vulgare Mill.ssp.vulgare var.azoricum (Mill.) Thell][J].Fitoterapia,2013,90:214-219.
• [33]姜楠楠，陈小亮，董娜，等.小茴香精油成分测定及性能研究[J].中国调味品，2019,44(11):162-166.
• [34]ELISA B,ALDO A,LUDOVICA G,et al.Chemical composition and antimycotic activity of six essential oils (cumin,fennel,manuka,sweet orange,cedar and juniper) against different Candida spp[J].Natural Product Research,2021,35(22):4600-4605.
• [35]EL-GARAWANI I,EL NABI S H,NAFIE E,et al.Foeniculum vulgare and Pelargonium graveolens essential oil mixture triggers the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells[J].Anti cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry,2019,19(9):1103-1113.
• [36]TIMOUMI R,SALEM I B,AMARA I,et al.Protective effects of fennel essential oil against oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by the insecticide triflumuron in human colon carcinoma cells[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2020,27(8):7957-7966.
• [37]郑甜田.小茴香果实挥发油成分分析和抗肿瘤活性研究[D].昆明：昆明医科大学，2017.
• [38]KHAZAEI M,DASTAN D,EBADI A.Binding of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and its major compounds to double-stranded DNA:in silico and in vitro studies[J].Food Bioscience,2021,41(8):100972.
• [39]PAVELA R,ZABKA M,BEDNA'RJ,et al.New knowledge for yield,composition and insecticidal activity of essential oils obtained from the aerial parts or seeds of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2016,83:275-282.
• [40]鲁玉杰，孙磊，王争艳.植物精油对绿豆象成虫熏蒸效果及种群抑制作用的研究[J].河南工业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,37(3):76-81.
• [41]XU Y C,YANG Q L,WANG X P.Efficacy of herbal medicine (cinnamon/fennel/ginger)for primary dysmenorrhea:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Journal of International Medical Research,2020,48(6):1-12.
• [42]张思超，安丽君，钟佩茹，等.小茴香挥发油对小鼠胃排空和肠推进的影响[J].天津中医药大学学报，2019,38(5):473-477.
• [43]再兰甫古丽·吐尼牙孜.小茴香挥发油的抗炎镇痛作用[J].世界最新医学信息文摘，2019,19(77):179,181.
• [44]CABRAL C,MIRANDA M,GON?ALVES M J,et al.Assessment of safe bioactive doses of Foeniculum vulgare Mill.essential oil from Portugal[J].Natural Product Research,2017,31(22):2654-2659.