预处理工艺对香菇品质的影响规律研究Study on Influence Law of Pretreatment Process on Quality of Lentinus edodes
李欣宜,李红波,莫海珍,刘振彬,胡梁斌,徐丹,张珈祎,姚丽姗
摘要(Abstract):
新鲜香菇水分含量高,代谢旺盛,易产生组织软化、褐变等品质下降问题,香菇类预制菜肴的品质在调味料的选择上会出现质量不稳定等情况,难以实现其工业化、标准化。该研究比较了低温、高温和蒸汽漂烫3种预处理工艺对新鲜香菇品质的影响,结果表明,低温漂烫能明显缓解香菇皱缩(皱缩率为7.67%),维持其质构,并能更好地延缓香菇的褐变。单独的低温漂烫、超声处理、处理液浸渍并不会保持香菇的品质,而低温漂烫联合超声浸渍处理会降低褐变度和增加硬度,使其品质更好。不同漂烫时间和漂烫温度都会显著影响香菇的褐变度和硬度(P<0.05),选取柠檬酸浓度、CaCl_2浓度、漂烫时间、漂烫温度作为漂烫因素,通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定香菇的最佳预处理工艺条件为柠檬酸浓度2 g/L、CaCl_2浓度10 g/L、漂烫时间10 min、漂烫温度70℃。
关键词(KeyWords): 香菇;预处理工艺;低温漂烫;超声浸渍
基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1602009);; 陕西省教育厅服务地方专项项目(23JC013);; 陕西省科技厅项目(2023YBNY196)
作者(Author): 李欣宜,李红波,莫海珍,刘振彬,胡梁斌,徐丹,张珈祎,姚丽姗
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