五种干腌火腿的理化特性及品质对比分析Comparative Analysis of Physicochemical Characteristics and Quality of Five Types of Dry-Cured Ham
王晓雨,徐恒,杨丽,张恒,王金铎,刘伟,赵旭东,王艺晓,裴龙英
摘要(Abstract):
为比较不同产地干腌火腿的理化特性和营养品质,对5种火腿(金华火腿、宣威火腿、如皋火腿、光控低盐火腿和伊比利亚火腿)的含水量、含盐量、pH值、色泽、质构特性、蛋白质含量、氨基酸含量、脂肪含量、气味进行比较分析。结果表明,在5种火腿中,宣威火腿的含水量和b~*值最高,如皋火腿的含盐量最高,光控低盐火腿的L~*值最高。在质构特性中,金华火腿的硬度最大(P<0.05),如皋火腿的弹性和咀嚼性最大(P<0.05),伊比利亚火腿的黏聚性和回复性最大(P<0.05)。在营养品质中,光控低盐火腿的蛋白质含量和氨基酸含量最高(P<0.05),伊比利亚火腿的脂肪含量最高(P<0.05)。利用电子鼻对5种火腿的气味进行分析发现,光控低盐火腿和伊比利亚火腿的挥发性风味相似,其余火腿的挥发性风味有较大差异。该研究结果可为火腿的品质评定、工艺改进和标准化提供一定的理论依据。
关键词(KeyWords): 火腿;理化特性;营养品质;电子鼻;对比分析
基金项目(Foundation): 光控低盐发酵火腿生产装备研制(2020B02011);; 新疆特色发酵食品研究(ZT202101)
作者(Author): 王晓雨,徐恒,杨丽,张恒,王金铎,刘伟,赵旭东,王艺晓,裴龙英
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