酶解荷花蜂花粉破壁工艺优化及花粉特性的研究Optimization of Wall-Breaking Process of Enzymatic Hydrolyzed Lotus Bee Pollen and Study on Pollen Characteristics
李超旗,凌文悦,张旭,赵子晴,李亚旗,徐佳雯,刘禹辰,郑煜焱
摘要(Abstract):
目的:促进酶解后荷花蜂花粉的营养物质和功能性成分的释放,优化花粉破壁工艺以增加其食用价值,并改进其加工特性。方法:以可溶性总糖含量作为响应值,采用单因素试验分析料液比、酶添加量、酶解时间、酶解温度、酶解pH主要工艺条件,使用响应面法优化纤维素酶酶解荷花蜂花粉的破壁工艺。通过扫描电子显微镜比较花粉的微观结构特性,进行破壁前后荷花蜂花粉的营养功能检测。结果:料液比1∶20、酶添加量5%、酶解时间4 h、酶解温度42.5℃、酶解pH 4.5为最佳破壁条件,该条件下可溶性总糖含量最高,为(47.44±0.33)%。经过破壁处理后的荷花蜂花粉细胞破裂,花粉的持油力、膨胀力和溶解性等得到明显改善(P<0.05),但持水力显著降低(P<0.05);黄酮和总酚的含量分别增加了(23.54±0.12),(13.68±0.41) mg/g; DPPH自由基清除率和羟自由基清除率均显著提高(P<0.05),分别提升了(44.56±0.78)%、(29.66±0.23)%。结论:酶解处理后的荷花蜂花粉能最大限度地释放糖类物质和功能性成分,为后续荷花蜂花粉的深加工奠定了理论基础。
关键词(KeyWords): 荷花蜂花粉;纤维素酶;酶解;破壁;营养功能价值
基金项目(Foundation): 辽宁省教育厅科研平台项目“辽宁特色粮油资源全值化利用与质量控制平台”(LJ232510157002)
作者(Author): 李超旗,凌文悦,张旭,赵子晴,李亚旗,徐佳雯,刘禹辰,郑煜焱
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